What Did The Ku Klux Klan Reach Their Goals, Both Social...

Criterion A: Identification and evaluation of sources: This investigation will evaluate the question: to what extent did the Ku Klux Klan reach their goals, both social and political, during the reconstruction period from its birth in 1866 to 1877? This essay will first determine the social and political goals of the Klan, than analyze how successful they were in attaining them. The source that proved most useful during the research process for this paper was the non-fiction White Terror by Allen W. Trelease. He was a recognized historian and Emeritus Professor in the Department of History at the University of North Carolina at Greensboro. Trelease specialized in southern history especially during the reconstruction and the civil war periods. This source features in this paper heavily, mostly because the chapters follow the KKK from the Klan’s beginnings all the way through the reconstruction period, which is the time period in discussion. In addition, the novel puts an emphasis on the success the Klan had in relation to what they aimed to accomplish with their actions. A limitation of the document would be that many of the Klan’s actions and motives were of a clandestine nature and therefore much of the dating and validity of information is estimated. The novel overcomes this drawback by referencing multiple primary sources such as a Ku Klux w arning to Governor Henry Clay Warmouth of Louisiana on page 273. The second valuable source, Eric Foner’s Reconstruction: America’sShow MoreRelatedReconstruction Of The Civil War1541 Words   |  7 PagesWhen people think about Reconstruction what comes to their minds first is the rebuilding of the Union. For all intents and purposes, the years between 1865 and 1877 following the Civil War were about the reunification of the Northern and the Southern states and the government’s attempt to return everything back to normalcy. This time was about letting the southern states join the United States again. However the issue that was also happening at the time was the issue of emancipation. After the CivilRead MoreTerrorism And The Terrorist Attacks3869 Words   |  16 Pages When you think of the word terrorist, what comes to mind? ISIS, Al Qaeda, or bearded Muslims? Terrorist are all over the world, including in the United States. They look just like me and you. Since 9/11 a lot of Americans think of people of middle eastern descent adorned in hijabs as terrorists due to that tragic event. We as Americans have discriminated towards â€Å"brown colored† people because that is what the media around us has ingrained into our minds. In actuality, a smart terrorist looks justRead MorePre-Columbian Period9302 Words   |  38 Pages[edit] Pre-Columbian period Main article: Pre-Columbian The earliest known inhabitants of what is now the United States are thought to have arrived in Alaska by crossing the Bering land bridge, at least 14,000 30,000 years ago.[10] Some of these groups migrated south and east, and over time spread throughout the Americas. These were the ancestors to modern Native Americans in the United States and Alaskan Native peoples, as well as all indigenous peoples of the Americas. Many indigenous peoplesRead MoreRegents Exam in U.S. History and Government7115 Words   |  29 Pagesquestions as directed on the answer sheet. Part II contains one thematic essay question. Write your answer to this question in the essay booklet, beginning on page 1. Part III is based on several documents: Part III A contains the documents. When you reach this part of the test, enter your name and the name of your school on the first page of this section. Each document is followed by one or more questions. Write your answer to each question in this examination booklet on the lines following that questionRead MoreModern History.Hsc.2012 Essay25799 Words   |  104 PagesThe significance of the republic policies were great, they brought a lot of growth in the 20’s allowing the market to strive over lots of trading and the purchase of shares, but was also an unstable market, as the government had no control over what it did and was left up to the private sector almost to run t he market. Entry of the United States world war 1 Non-Intervention - The United States originally pursued a policy of non-intervention, avoiding conflict while trying to broker a peaceRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 PagesKirkwood Community College; and Stephanie Tucker, California State University Sacramento. Thinking and writing about logical reasoning has been enjoyable for me, but special thanks go to my children, Joshua, 8, and Justine, 3, for comic relief during the months of writing. This book is dedicated to them. For the 2012 edition: This book is dedicated to my wife Hellan whose good advice has improved the book in many ways. vi Table of Contents Preface....................................

Embryonic Stem Cell Research Sacrificing for the Greater Good Free Essays

Embryos are essentially microscopic human beings. Regardless of what good they may provide to the field of medicine, the ethical controversies surrounding embryonic stem cell research are profound. Stem cells, the cells used by the human body to replenish damaged tissue, are found in both embryonic and adult form. We will write a custom essay sample on Embryonic Stem Cell Research: Sacrificing for the Greater Good or any similar topic only for you Order Now At the adult level, stem cells can be extracted from bone marrow, but the real ethical debate arises when embryonic stem cells are introduced. â€Å"Pluripotent† embryonic stem cells are among the only type that can form any of over 200 cell types, making it the most useful and versatile. These cells are isolated from the inner cell mass of the embryo when extracted, and subsequently terminates the embryo itself, which is technically manslaughter. However, it must also be noted that embryonic stem cell research can provide effective treatments and even cures for those in need of organ transplants and other irremediable predicaments. Therefore, it is safe to say, from a utilitarian perspective, that the essential â€Å"death† of one embryo can save the lives of many, and with Jeremy Bentham’s phrase â€Å"the greatest good for the greatest number†; I believe that embryonic stem cell research is ethical. The real controversy in stem cell research lays in the termination (abortion) of the embryo, which is an entirely independent debate altogether. The embryonic stem cells extracted for research are being derived from embryos that are being aborted regardless (Johansen). Therefore, there is a macrocosmic debate more powerful than the one about stem cell research itself. By harvesting these stem cells from babies predestined to abortion, at least a contribution is being made to society – one that can benefit a multitude of people, perhaps suffering from a multitude of conditions. Even if one wants to debate the ethics of stem cell research, the researchers are being ethically unethical, with regard to the abortions guaranteed to take place. However, those who value human life from the point of conception, particularly those who are religious, oppose embryonic stem cell research, because the extraction of stem cells from this type of an embryo requires its destruction – essentially, a human life killed, which is deemed both morally and religiously indecent (Cowan). But this superficial ideology is flawed in its logical reasoning. If these â€Å"babies† are going to die, whether their stem cells are harvested or not, isn’t making a solid contribution to science and humanity ethical? If the embryo is destroyed, in an equally torturous manner, shouldn’t that sacred human life provide something for mankind as a whole? For example, medical researchers and physician-scientists were able to differentiate stem cells to become heart cells (Mount Sinai School of Medicine). The cells were then analyzed, for the treatment of cardiomyopathy, a condition with heart muscle cell abnormalities. The benefits of this harvesting are unfathomable; scientists will now be able to analyze the root of the disease, its development, and ways to inhibit the disease’s growth and progression. It is then rather evident, that the life of the embryo originally used in the harvesting of the embryonic stem cells for this discovery, is only more sacred, and contributed more to society and humanity, than most human lives do in a lifetime. The Jewish population seems to have a more insightful, yet still opposing take on the issue. Many Rabbis do find it unethical, for the mere reason that it â€Å"cheapens the value of human life† (Eisenberg). This is, however, contradictory of Torah text, which states that the responsible use of technology for the sole purpose of improving human life is not only permitted, but encouraged. It is claimed by the experts in the field that the research on stem cells has great potential to relieve human disease and suffering. If this is the case, then it is not only allowed but it is obligatory to pursue this research. Embryonic stem cells are a source of hope, for patients suffering from spinal cord injuries, multiple sclerosis, diabetes, Parkinson’s disease, cancer, Alzheimer’s disease, heart disease, and hundreds of genetic disorders. With research, medical scientists will be able to make discoveries and understand the origin of diseases, based on the origin of true human life – embryonic stem cells. This opens the door for unbelievable breakthroughs in medical science – even a potential cure for cancer. Stem cell therapy can provide promising treatment for over 100 million patients currently suffering from a disease under research. Some researchers consider this to be â€Å"the greatest potential for the alleviation of human suffering since the advent of antibiotics† (White). The Republican Party in the United States – the â€Å"party of God†, had significant doubt in the ethical veracity of embryonic stem cell research and therefore President George W. Bush vetoed the Stem Cell Research Enhancement Act of 2005 and 2007. However, after taking office, President Obama lifted the ban on March 9, 2009, saying: â€Å"Medical miracles do not happen simply by accident. They result from painstaking and costly research, from years of lonely trial and error, much of which never bears fruit, and from a government willing to support that work. † If the President of the United States of America can see the ethical and moral justness in this all†¦ the greater good, the pros outweighing the cons, the glass half-full, along with most of the American people, is this really an ethical debate? After all, ethics, by definition, is â€Å"a system of moral principles. † Works Cited Cowan, C. A. â€Å"Derivation of Human Stem-Cell Lines from Human Blastocysts. † New England Journal of Medicine (2004): 1355. Eisenberg, Daniel. â€Å"Is the destruction of preexisting pre-embryos permitted for stem cell research? † 10 November 2001. Aish. com. 22 February 2011 http://www. aish. com/ci/sam/48969936. html. Johansen, Jay. â€Å"What’s wrong with Embryonic Stem Cell Research? † 26 July 2001. Pregnant Pause. 22 February 2011 http://www. pregnantpause. rg/ethics/whystem. htm. Medicine, Mount Sinai School of. â€Å"Stem Cells For First Time Used to Create Abnormal Heart Cells For Study of Cardiomyopathy. † 9 June 2010. HealthNewsDigest. com. 22 February 2011 http://www. healthnewsdigest. com/news/stem%20cell%20issues0/Stem_Cells_For_First_Time_Used_to_Create_Abnormal_Heart_Cells_For_Study_of_Cardiomyopathy. shtml. White, Deborah. â€Å"Pros ; C ons of Embryonic Stem Cell Research. † n. d. About. com. 22 February 2011 http://usliberals. about. com/od/stemcellresearch/i/StemCell1. htm. How to cite Embryonic Stem Cell Research: Sacrificing for the Greater Good, Essays

Organizational Dialogue for Theory & Practice- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theOrganizational Dialogue for Theory Practice. Answer: Introduction The major purpose of this paper is to analyze the knowledge and concepts related to business communications. It also include the reflective analysis of my personal experience with a critical incident. In addition to this, it also consists of the factors that influence the communication skills and how one can easily improve it. Communication plays a major role in any business. Today there are many companies and organizations which aims at transferring information for several reasons wither to external or internal business stakeholders (Chaney and Martin 2013). Basically business communication is a way by which two or more than two persons can transmit and exchange ideas, knowledge and information between themselves. According to W.H. Newman and C.F. summer, Communication is an exchange of facts, ideas, opinions or emotions by two or more persons. It is simply a two way channel which is followed by every organization in order to create a positive attitude towards the objectives of the organization (Guffey and Loewy 2012). The major communication goal of any business organization is to deliver the main concept or ideas from one person to another person without any delays and distortion. Accomplishment of the leader or manager along with the organization depends on the competence of communication (Guffey and L oewy 2010). I have faced a major incident where I felt a huge communication gap between the customer and the company. The communication gap generated had led to creating a huge nuisance in the company as well as the customers and its employees. I would like to share my personal experience which I have recently faced an issue being a customer and getting involved in in poor communication. I had ordered something from Jockey website via online shopping and the stuff was supposed to be delivered to me on the mentioned address within a week. Later, Due to some urgency, I had to leave town for 7days and there was no one at home who could receive the parcel. I had already mailed the company about the same but there was no response. Apart from this, my parcel was delivered on the mentioned date but since no one was available at the location, the delivery boy returned back and I got a message on the cell phone regarding Your parcel has been returned back from the address mentioned. We could not find the concerned person to receive it. I read the messages and drafted a mail regarding the issue. The company apologized but I was still wondering if they had checked my earlier mail, it would not have created such issues. The mail which I had sent before leaving the town was not even responded back. And later when their product was returned back, they remembered to respond my mails. It was frustrating though the major concern was the issue related to communication gaps. So, I believe that the company must be responsible enough to manage the customers concerns and tackle with the feedbacks and mails in the daily basis. Lets take another example which was faced by me few months back. Have you ever got a feeling of someone pranking you from a bank? A bank which is widely spread with170 branches. Thats what exactly I felt when I went to ATM to withdraw money and I suddenly realized my card was not working. I went to the bank expecting the support from the customer service and letting me know what exactly happened with my card and what the corrective measures to resolve it. Instead, the bank recommended to call the hotline numbers because these departments manages to solve such queries. I called on the number but they did not accept my calls and I was said to mail them. Next day, I went to the main office and the same was repeated by them. Few days later, I got a letter which stated that the account has been closed without any further explanation. Just a contact number of the account officer was mentioned which was not the right solution to my problem. There was no valid reason that could justify why m y account was closed or perhaps it was due to any mistakes caused by banks. All I know is one should not simply joke around when anyones personal finances are on the mark line, which the bank failed to understand. There was lack of limpidity and the process of delivering the explanation to their customers was an excruciating experience. This could easily be solved right the way by providing an explanation or a reason to get my account closed. While engaged in the learnings related to communication, there are several insights that I learned in order to develop my own interpersonal communication skills while working in a business. Interpersonal communication is the way which helps people to exchange messages and information through the means of verbal and nonverbal communications (Kaufer and Carley 2012). Interpersonal communication is not only about what is actually conveyed and the fluency of language used but it is actually the way it is represented or how it is conveyed like in case of nonverbal messages, tones, gestures, body language and facial expressions may be measured (Rummler and Brache 2012). Whenever there are two or more than two people in the similar work place and they both are aware of each others presence, then it is quite obvious that communication will take place no matter how blatant or unintentional. Sometimes, even I feel without speech, I use many cues of posture, facial expressions and other gesture s inn order to form an expression and develop more personality traits. Even though, no communication might be envisioned, others receive any certain messages with the nonverbal behaviors (Okoro, Washington and Cardon 2011). There are several elements of interpersonal communication. Some of the widely used elements are the communicators, message, noise, feedback, context and channel. For any communication that takes place, there must be availability of minimum two people in it. It is quite easy to think that the communication involves a receiver and a sender (Grunig 2013). The major problem related to the process of communication is the way of seeing it as a one way process where the sender sends the message and the receiver receives the message. Let us take an example of one way communication when a person is talking and the other person is simply listening to it. Thus it can said that two way communication is always complex because it involves sender and the receiver communicating simultaneously. In addition to this, it can be stated that communication is highly interactive process which involves two or more than two persons (Dozier, Grunig and Grunig 2013). Likewise, message is not a medium of speech where information is conveyed but it also include nonverbal messages which include facial expressions, tones of voices, gestures, and body language. In general, it aims at disclosing the emotional attitude of an individual that might underlie the content of speech (Hartman and Cambridge 2011). While I was working in an organization, I used to get disturbed while working because of the noise. Here, noise created in an organization means the distortion of messages. It manipulates the entire meaning of the speaker and the listener. Sometimes, physical noise also becomes a problem which can create hindrances in communication channel. Additionally, feedback is the message that a receiver returns. There can be direct feedback as well as well-structured feedback (Turban, Sharda and Delen 2011). When I was earlier working in an organization, there was a manager who used to say statements like Say that again, I did not understand. This is the way of direct feedback. Feedback is generally used to improve and enhance communication skills (Coombs 2014). Conclusion As a result, it can be in sighted that communication skills plays an important role that helps an individual to build his or her own personal attitude. The person who possess interpersonal skills are likely to earn great value and add more career opportunities as well (Robles 2012). In addition to this, communication has evolved the whole scenario of business and created an overall success. Business communication helps in creating a positive attitude and also aims at creating a more better life of an individual. References Chaney, L. and Martin, J. 2013, Intercultural business communication, Pearson Higher Ed. Coombs, W.T. 2014, ongoing crisis communication: Planning, managing, and responding, Sage Publications. Dozier, D.M., Grunig, L.A. and Grunig, J.E. 2013, Manager's guide to excellence in public relations and communication management, Routledge. Grunig, J.E. ed. 2013, Excellence in public relations and communication management, Routledge. Guffey, M.E. and Loewy, D. 2010, Business communication: Process and product, Cengage Learning. Guffey, M.E. and Loewy, D. 2012, Essentials of business communication, Cengage Learning. Hartman, J.L. and Cambridge, J. 2011, Optimizing millennias communication styles, Business Communication Quarterly, 74(1), pp.22-44. Kaufer, D.S. and Carley, K.M. 2012, Communication at a distance: The influence of print on sociocultural organization and change, Routledge. Okoro, E.A., Washington, M.C. and Cardon, P.W. 2011, Portfolios in business communication courses as tools for employment, Business Communication Quarterly, 74(3), pp.347-351. Robles, M.M. 2012, Executive perceptions of the top 10 soft skills needed in todays workplace, Business Communication Quarterly, 75(4), pp.453-465. Rummler, G.A. and Brache, A.P. 2012, improving performance: How to manage the white space on the organization chart, John Wiley Sons. Turban, E., Sharda, R. and Delen, D. 2011, Decision support and business intelligence systems, Pearson Education India.

Title F Feasibility Study Essay Example

Title F Feasibility Study Essay May 12, 2006 8 Penn Center Plaza th 19 Floor Philadelphia, PA 19103 Phone: 215-563-5300 Fax: 215-563-1977 Mr. Dick Shellenberger, Chairman Board of Commissioners Lancaster County 50 North Duke Street Lancaster, Pennsylvania 17608-3480 Dear Mr. Shellenberger: In accordance with your request we have completed our market feasibility study associated with the proposed development of a Hotel/Convention Center to be located in Downtown Lancaster, Pennsylvania. The entire study and conclusions reached are based upon our present knowledge and information with respect to the status and demand characteristics of the subject project’s competitive lodging and meetings markets. As in all studies of this type, the estimated results are based upon competent and efficient management and presume no significant change in the competitive position of the lodging and meetings industries in the immediate area from that as set forth in this report. They are also based on our evaluation of the present economy of the region and do not take into account or make provision for the effect of any sharp rise or decline in economic conditions not presently foreseeable. We will write a custom essay sample on Title F Feasibility Study specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Title F Feasibility Study specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Title F Feasibility Study specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer To the extent that wages and other operating expenses may advance over the economic life of the subject project, we expect that prices of rooms and other services will be adjusted, at least to offset such advances. The terms of our engagement are such that we have no obligation to revise this report or the estimated annual operating results to reflect events or conditions which occur subsequent to the date of the completion of our fieldwork. However, we are available to discuss the necessity for the revision in view of changes in the economic or market factors affecting the proposed project. Please do not hesitate to call should you have any comments or questions. Sincerely, PKF Consulting TConsulting was engaged by the Board of Commissioners of Lancaster County (Pennsylvania) to conduct a feasibility study of market demand and operating performance associated with the proposed development of a Hotel/Convention Center to be located in Downtown Lancaster. Assumptions for the proposed development include the following: †¢ The Hotel component of the proposed development will be branded as a fullservice Marriott property and will contain 300 guestrooms, a full-service restaurant, a 9,621 square-foot ballroom, and a 7,541 square-foot fitness facility to include an exercise room, indoor pool, and whirlpool. The Convention Center component of subject project will contain a 47,842 square-foot exhibit hall, 27,551 square feet of prefunction space, a 9,200 squarefoot ballroom, three 764 square-foot boardrooms, and 7,662 square feet of meeting room space. SCOPE OF THE STUDY The scope of our study included the following: †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Site analysis. Analysis of economic trends. Analysis of historical, current, and future supply of and demand for hotel rooms and convention center facilities in the respective competitive markets. Development of estimates of utilization levels that might be obtained at the proposed Ho tel/Convention Center facility. Development of statements of estimated annual operating results for both the Hotel and Convention Center components of the proposed project, as well as for the combined operation. I-1 SECTION II EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Section II: Executive Summary SUMMARY Based upon information collected during the fieldwork phase of our study, and subsequent analyses, following is a summary of our findings and conclusions relating to the proposed Hotel/Convention Center to be located in Downtown Lancaster. †¢ The Hotel component of the proposed development will be branded as a fullservice Marriott property and will contain 300 guestrooms, a full-service estaurant, a 9,621 square-foot ballroom, and a 7,541 square-foot fitness facility to include an exercise room, indoor pool, and whirlpool. The Convention Center component of subject project will contain a 47,842 square-foot exhibit hall, 27,551 square feet of prefunction space, a 9,200 squarefoot ballroom, three 764 square-foot boardrooms, and 7,662 square feet of meeting room space. The proposed project site fronts on historic Penn Square in Downtown Lancaster, and contains the former Watt Shand Department Store Building as its centerpiece. The Hotel component is to be developed within the historic Watt Shand Department Store Building and in a new tower to be constructed over the existing building at its southeast corner, while the Convention Center component is to be constructed on a vacant parcel to the south of the Watt Shand Department Store Building. Specifically, the total project site is located to the north of East Vine Street, to the south of East King Street, to the east of South Queen Street, and to the west of Duke Street. †¢ †¢ FINDINGS †¢ †¢ Economic indicators for the subject market area project a positive outlook for economic growth in the region. Feedback from trade/consumer show organizers indicated that the demographic profile of the subject market area, specifically the population and household income levels, would support mid-level shows such as those revolving around antiques and art. Generally speaking, the local market area would not support high-level (large attendance) shows such as auto or boat shows. Our research revealed that, depending on the source of the information, national trends in the convention center industry can be deemed either positive or negative. It is more relevant to analyze more localized areas when determining trends, particularly since reported national trends tend to overlook secondary or tertiary convention destinations such as Lancaster. However, one trend that appears to be generally consistent is that overall supply growth in the meetings industry has been outpacing overall demand growth in recent years, creating a more fiercely competitive environment. For example, functions that previously would have been held at secondary or †¢ II-1 Section II: Executive Summary tertiary convention destinations are now being accommodated at primary destinations, as the larger facilities in major markets have the ability to host numerous smaller events concurrently. However, there is a renewed interest on the part of many convention groups to consider second-tier cities in their evaluation of destinations, primarily for pricing reasons. Although it is reasonable to expect that third-tier cities will benefit from this trend, the options open to groups at this level are extensive. Similarly, Pennsylvania associations which operate on a rotational basis for site selection now have a venue available in several geographic and city locations, reducing the visit frequency for each location. †¢ †¢ †¢ While the overall Lancaster County hotel market is stable and viable, the market is highly seasonal, price sensitive and tourist-oriented. The growth of commercial demand along the Route 30 bypass is being absorbed by new hotel property additions. The downtown commercial hotel market has shrunk considerably in recent years. This has contributed to the decline of the Hotel Brunswick. Although the Marriott brand is extremely strong in this segment, the availability of Marriott products along Route 30 will limit this advantage. The responses to our surveys resulted in a relatively low projected level of usage as compared to other surveys of this type. This indicates that a substantial marketing effort will be required to both counter negative perceptions and to then create competitive advantages versus other regional convention destinations. For example, the downtown historic attractions could be packaged to provide a reason for conventions and tour and travel groups to both come to downtown and to stay overnight. The price sensitivity of the primary markets available to the project will require the hotel to make rate concessions to generate activity. Our occupancy/utilization projections have taken this into account as to what we believe the best balance point of price and volume would be. Franklin Marshall’s new Lancaster Arts Hotel is expected to accommodate most routine demand generated by the College. Peak-period demand will still be available to the proposed Downtown Hotel. Although not evaluated by us in a professional sense, the parking and access issues related to the site are expected to be problematic and a competitive disadvantage for the complex. Air access to Lancaster and even Harrisburg is such, i. e. frequency, price and type of aircraft, that convention and conference demand will likely emanate †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ II-2 Section II: Executive Summary almost exclusively from Pennsylvania association and corporate groups who can drive to the site. †¢ Our research indicates the following competitive positioning for this project: Strengths Positive, wholesome image of Lancaster County Extensive tourism base for exposure Strong hotel brand and management Historic attractions in Downtown Large public sector incentive agreements limiting risk Tourist attractions in Lancaster County Central location within Pennsylvania Weaknesses Constricted site resulting in parking and traffic issues Downtown location perceived as less desirable Poor air access Limited markets available to the hotel other than self/PDCCVB-generated meetings and shows Demographics not adequate for larger consumer/trade shows Markets available are price sensitive No other acceptable downtown hotel supply available for larger groups, unless Hotel Brunswick is extensively renovated Lancaster’s perceived image is not what many conventioneers are looking for. For the Hotel component of the project, we are of the opinion that there are two separate competitive markets: the overall hotel market in Lancaster County (Hotel Competitive Market 1), a nd the group oriented properties in the subject market (Hotel Competitive Market 2). The properties in the latter group include the following: Best Western Eden Resort Inn Suites, Hotel Brunswick, Lancaster Host Resort and Conference Center, and Willow Valley Resort and Conference Center. †¢ The following table illustrates annual performance characteristics for the properties in Hotel Competitive Market 1 from 2003 through 2005. As the data indicates, total occupied rooms have increased at an annual rate of 4. percent during this period, exceeding annual supply growth of 0. 9 percent. Despite the relatively low aggregate market occupancies (ranging from 53. 1 percent in 2003 to 56. 5 percent in 2005), the growth in occupied rooms is a positive indicator as it demonstrates that demand within the local lodging market is increasing. Combined with annual growth in average daily rate (ADR) of 2. 8 percent, the occupancy increases resulted in revenue per II-3 Section II: Executive S ummary available room (RevPAR) growth of 6. 1 percent annually. Although these properties are certainly not alike, they collectively cater to a wide variety of types of groups. Estimated Performance Hotel Competitive Market 1 Available Occupied Occupancy ADR RevPAR Rooms Rooms 2003 2,331,255 1,237,896 53. 1% $57. 49 $30. 53 2004 2,331,255 1,256,546 53. 9% $58. 84 $31. 71 2005 2,374,325 1,341,494 56. 5% $60. 78 $34. 34 CAGR(1) 0. 9% 4. 1% 2. 8% 6. 1% Note: (1) Compound annual growth rate for years 2003-2005 Source: PKF Consulting, Smith Travel Research, Individual Properties Year †¢ The following table illustrates annual performance characteristics for the properties in Hotel Competitive Market 2 from 2003 through 2005. As the data indicates, total occupied rooms have increased at an annual rate of 2. 8 percent during this period. While this annual growth rate is lower than that exhibited by the broader competitive market (Hotel Competitive Market 1), both occupancy and average daily rate levels exhibited by the properties in Hotel Competitive Market 2 were notably higher than those of the broader hotel set. Combined with annual growth in average daily rate (ADR) of 3. 2 percent, the occupancy increases resulted in revenue per available room (RevPAR) growth of 5. 9 percent annually. Estimated Performance Hotel Competitive Market 2 Available Occupied Occupancy ADR RevPAR Rooms Rooms 2003 415,735 237,800 57. 2% $93. 63 $53. 56 2004 415,735 250,688 60. 3% $96. 24 $58. 03 2005 415,735 251,104 60. 4% $99. 44 $60. 06 CAGR(1) 0. 0% 2. 8% 3. 1% 5. 9% Note: (1) Compound annual growth rate for years 2003-2005 Source: PKF Consulting, Smith Travel Research, Individual Properties Year †¢ Our research revealed that there are four future additions to supply in the subject market area, all of which are anticipated to compete with the proposed Hotel in the Competitive Category 1 group. These include: the 63-unit Lancaster Arts Hotel currently under construction a few blocks from the campus of Franklin Marshall College on the corner of North Mulberry Street and Harrisburg Pike that is scheduled to open late Summer 2006; a 60-unit Comfort Inn; a 150-unit Homewood Suites; and a 150-unit Residence Inn. The locations of the latter three additions to supply are scattered along US-30. II-4 Section II: Executive Summary †¢ The following table presents our projections of market demand by market segment through 2014 for Hotel Competitive Market 1. Of note is that we have assumed that the proposed Hotel opens January 1, 2009. Projected Competitive Set Demand by Market Segment Hotel Competitive Market 1 Government, Commercial Tour and Total Group Military, Other Individual Travel 2005 134,100 872,000 268,300 67,100 1,341,500 2006 134,800 924,300 273,700 67,100 1,399,900 2007 135,500 961,300 279,100 67,100 1,443,000 2008 136,200 1,009,300 287,500 67,100 1,500,100 2009 137,500 1,049,700 301,900 67,100 1,556,200 2010 138,200 1,081,200 314,000 67,100 1,600,500 2011 138,200 1,102,800 320,200 67,100 1,628,300 2012 138,200 1,102,800 320,200 67,100 1,628,300 2013 138,200 1,102,800 320,200 67,100 1,628,300 2014 138,200 1,102,800 320,200 67,100 1,628,300 CAGR(1) 0. 5% 4. 0% 3. 0% 0. 0% 3. 3% Note: (1) Compound annual growth rate for years 2005 through 2011 (at which time demand is projected to stabilize) Source: PKF Consulting Year †¢ For the Convention Center component of the project, we are of the opinion that there are two separate competitive markets: regional convention center facilities (Convention Center Competitive Market 1), and hotels with significant meeting space in Southeastern Pennsylvania (Convention Center Competitive Market 2). Following is a description of each of these groups. †¢ Convention Center Competitive Market 1 includes the Pennsylvania Expo Center at Lehigh Valley – Allentown, Blair County Convention Center – Altoona, Bayfront Convention Center – Erie, Hershey Lodge Convention Center – Hershey, and Valley Forge Convention Center – King of Prussia. The above facilities indicated the average performance characteristics detailed in the following table. Average Performance Characteristics Convention Center Competitive Market 1 Trade/Consumer Shows Number of Annual Events 30 Average Attendance per Event 2,800 Total Annual Attendance 84,000 Annual Room Nights Generated 12,600 Source: PKF Consulting, Individual Facilities Category Conventions/ Conferences 25 600 15,000 12,000 Other Events 90 250 22,500 13,500 Total 145 N/A 121,500 38,100 II-5 Section II: Executive Summary †¢ For Convention Center Competitive Market 2, we inventoried facilities and collected data on more than 50 properties, ultimately limiting the analysis to those properties with more than 5,000 square feet of meeting space. We excluded properties in Center City Philadelphia, as downtown Lancaster is not competing with Center City Philadelphia for group functions, and we did not include resort-oriented properties. The hotels in this set were concentrated in Allentown, Cherry Hill, Harrisburg, King of Prussia, Reading, and York. †¢ The above facilities indicated the average performance characteristics detailed in the following table. Average Performance Characteristics Convention Center Competitive Market 2 Trade/Consumer Shows Number of Annual Events 15 Average Attendance per Event 700 Total Annual Attendance 10,500 Annual Room Nights Generated 1,050 Source: PKF Consulting, Individual Facilities Category Conventions/ Conferences 20 300 6,000 5,400 Other Events 250 50 12,500 2,500 Total 285 N/A 29,000 8,950 †¢ PKF conducted survey research of potential demand from both association and corporate meeting planners. Following are summaries of the results of these surveys. †¢ A mail survey was sent to 500 associations in the regional market area – located throughout the mid-Atlantic region. We received completed mail surveys from or conducted phone surveys with 45 association representatives, indicating a response rate of approximately 9. 0 percent. †¢ 19 of the 45 respondents indicated a willingness to utilize the proposed facility in Downtown Lancaster. †¢ The following table summarizes projected annual usage data based on the results of the survey. II-6 Section II: Executive Summary Projected Annual Usage Data Associations Category Number of Annual Events Average Attendance per Event Total Annual Attendance Annual Room Nights Generated Average Length of Events (Days) Average Convention Center Revenue per Attendee per Event (Excluding Hotel) Source: PKF Consulting Total 18. 5 206 3,811 2,054 3 $50. 00 †¢ As the previous table indicates, the responding associations indicated a total of slightly more than 2,000 room-nights of demand for 18. 5 events. We are of the opinion that this number could conservatively be tripled in quantity, to account for nonrespondents, invigorated marketing efforts and potential operator (Interstate)-induced referrals. This would result in more than 6,000 occupied room-nights attributable to associations, or approximately 6. 0 occupancy points based on an annual available room inventory of 109,500 (300 guestrooms X 365 days annually). The primary reason for our projected increase is there were associations who indicated varying potential levels of usage of the subject Convention Center that either did not respond or indicated varying levels of room-nights required without quantifying that amount. Furthermore, our survey queried a finite number of associations, while through future marketing efforts, the Pennsylvania Dutch Country CVB could reach out to a broader population of associations. When asked to rate the level of importance of various factors in selecting a meeting venue, critical factors included air traffic accessibility, free (or low cost) parking, and availability of restaurant/nightlife options. As with many convention center facilities in downtown locations, availability and cost of parking is a significant factor with event coordinators and their constituents, and Downtown Lancaster must be proactive in addressing this issue so that it does not become a competitive disadvantage when marketing the proposed facility to potential demand sources. †¢ †¢ A mail survey was sent to 308 corporate meeting planners in the regional market area – primarily concentrated in Pennsylvania and New Jersey. We received completed mail surveys from or conducted phone surveys with 35 corporate meeting planners, indicating a response rate of approximately 11. 4 percent. II-7 Section II: Executive Summary †¢ 10 of the 35 respondents indicated a willingness to utilize the proposed facility in Downtown Lancaster. †¢ The following table summarizes projected annual usage data based on the results of the survey. Projected Annual Usage Data Corporate Meeting Planners Category Number of Annual Events Average Attendance per Event Total Annual Attendance Annual Room-Nights Generated Average Length of Events (Days) Average Convention Center Revenue per Attendee per Event (Excluding Hotel) Source: PKF Consulting Total 18 289 5,195 2,365 2. 5 $60. 00 †¢ As the previous table indicates, the responding corporate planners indicated a total of more than 2,300 room-nights of demand for 18 events. We are of the opinion that this number could conservatively be tripled in quantity. This would result in more than 6,900 occupied room-nights attributable to corporate meeting planners, or approximately 6. 0 occupancy points based on an annual available room inventory of 109,500 (300 guestrooms X 365 days annually). The primary reason for our projected increase is there were corporate meeting planners who indicated varying levels of potential usage of the subject Convention Center that either did not respond or indicated varying levels of room nights required without quantifying that amount. When asked to rate the level of importance of various factors in selecting a meeting venue, critical factors included location in a major market, air traffic accessibility, and availability of restaurant/nightlife options. †¢ †¢ We estimate that the subject 300-unit Hotel should be able to achieve a stabilized occupancy level of 53. 0 percent. Overall market penetration (percentage of fair share) in the stabilized year (the fourth year of operation) is estimated to be 89 percent. Approximately 5 percent of total demand for the subject hotel is estimated to originate from the commercial individual segment, 27 percent from the tour and travel segment, 65 percent from the group segment, and 3 percent from the government, military, and other segment. We further project that the subject Hotel should be able to achieve an average daily room rate of $105. 0 (in 2006-value dollars) in a representative year of operation. A representative year of operation is a year in which the subj ect property is II-8 Section II: Executive Summary projected to have reached a stabilized level of performance. Our projections of occupancy and average daily rate assume that the subject Hotel will have to discount rates heavily, particularly during non-peak demand periods, in order to achieve the projected level of demand. As such, the annual average daily rate level may be well above or below the average rate level at any point in time during the course of the year. †¢ The following table presents our utilization projections for the subject Convention Center. Projected Performance Characteristics Proposed Convention Center Category Number of Annual Events Average Attendance per Event Total Annual Attendance Annual Room Nights Generated Average Revenue per Attendee per Event (Excluding Travel) $7. 50 Total Revenue per Event $15,000 Total Revenue $375,000 Source: PKF Consulting, Individual Facilities Trade/Consumer Shows 25 2,000 50,000 5,000 Conventions/ Conferences 40 250 10,000 6,000 $50. 00 $12,500 $500,000 Other Events 80 50 4,000 2,000 $55. 00 $2,750 $220,000 Total 145 N/A 64,000 13,000 N/A N/A $1,095,000 II-9 Section II: Executive Summary †¢ The following statement provides the estimated results for a representative operating year for the proposed Hotel. As stated previously, our stabilized year projection assumes an annual occupancy rate of 53. 0 percent at an average daily rate of $105. 00 (in current value dollars). II-10 Section II: Executive Summary †¢ The following statement provides the estimated results for a representative operating year for the proposed Convention Center. As stated previously, our stabilized year projection assumes 145 annual events. II-11 Section II: Executive Summary †¢ The following statement provides the estimated results for a representative operating year for the consolidated operations of the proposed Hotel and Convention Center. II-12 Section II: Executive Summary CONCLUSIONS †¢ The Lancaster County economy is growing, diversified and should continue on this path for the foreseeable future. The vast majority of this growth is outside the downtown area. †¢ The projected annual operating deficit of the combined entities is $1,281,000 (2006 value dollars) in a representative year. Although losses are expected with most facilities of this type and these deficits are offset to some extent by attendee spending within the community, there is great controversy as to the degree to which this offset occurs. In the case of Lancaster, much of the spending would occur outside of the City, where the bulk of the shopping, hotels and restaurants are located. Since travel would be required to accomplish this, the spending by attendees and delegates would likely be less than in a normal urban situation. Our surveys indicate that a relatively limited amount of demand will be readily attracted to this facility without extensive marketing efforts and concessions on price. To the extent this is not successful, and depending on how these marketing efforts are funded, the downside economic risk is substantial. Based on our demand research for the Convention Center, it appears that the probable number of attendees per event will be lower than that exhibited by the facilities in Convention Center Competitive Market 1 and will be closer to the exhibited attendance by the facilities in Convention Center Competitive Market 2. While the average number of attendees per event is projected to be lower, we anticipate that the proposed Convention Center will be able to capture the average number of annual events that the facilities in Convention Center Competitive Market 1 demonstrated. The hotel component of this project will face two basic challenges in filling the â€Å"dark† days when no events are being held at the Convention Center: (1) the lack of a strong downtown commercial demand base; and (2) its lack of appeal to the area’s dominant leisure market due to its downtown location and comparatively high room rate structure. The lack of parking, even with the proposed garage, and traffic-flow logistics, appear to be significant and should be expected to affect overall marketability for larger events. Although we are not thoroughly familiar with the background of this project, and we have not performed an economic impact analysis, our findings lead us to conclude that the potential economic benefits are not likely to be sufficient to justify the risks involved, including the potential need to raise the hotel tax to fund operating deficits after several years should the reserves become depleted. We therefore recommend that, prior to proceeding further with this project, the parties involved consider exploring a downsizing of the project or an alternate use for the site. †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ II-13 SECTION III SITE REVIEW Section III: Site Review OVERVIEW OF THE AREA The City of Lancaster is located in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, and is included in the Lancaster, Pennsylvania Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA). Lancaster is located approximately 30 miles south of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania’s capital city (Harrisburg), 60 miles west of Philadelphia (PA) and 55 miles north of Baltimore (MD). SITE LOCATION The proposed project site fronts on historic Penn Square in Downtown Lancaster, and contains the former Watt Shand Department Store Building as its centerpiece. The Hotel component is to be developed within the historic Watt Shand Department Store Building and in a new tower to be constructed over the existing building at its southeast corner, while the Convention Center component is to be constructed on a vacant parcel to the south of the Watt Shand Department Store Building. Specifically, the total project site is located to the north of East Vine Street, to the south of East King Street, to the east of South Queen Street, and to the west of Duke Street. The site is in the heart of downtown Lancaster within walking distance of several historic attractions. The number of restaurants and entertainment venues is quite limited, but could be expected to grow should the project be developed. The map on the following page provides an illustration of the site in relation to the immediate area. III-1 Section III: Site Review III-2 Section III: Site Review ACCESS Major roadways and highways that connect Lancaster County to other points throughout the local region include State Route 283 (SR-283), US Route 30 (US-30), US Route 222 (US-222) Interstate 76 (I-76), and Interstate 83 (I-83). SR-283 connects the County to Harrisburg and Western Pennsylvania; US-30 to York to the west and Philadelphia to the east; US-222 to Allentown and Northeastern Pennsylvania; and I-76 and I-81 are respectively the major east-west and north-south interstate highways in the subject market area. With regard to the specific location of the roposed project, the constricted nature of the site could potentially result in parking and traffic issues. Although not evaluated by us in a professional sense, the parking and access issues related to the site are expected to be problematic and a competitive di sadvantage for the complex. Air access to Lancaster and even Harrisburg is such, i. e. frequency, price and type of aircraft, that convention and conference demand will likely emanate almost exclusively from Pennsylvania association and corporate groups who can drive to the site. Rail service to Lancaster is via Amtrak’s Philadelphia to Harrisburg service with connections to major east coast cities. Train service may prove to be the preferred option for knowledgeable attendees who are uncomfortable with the parking options associated with larger events. III-3 SECTION IV AREA REVIEW Section IV: Area Review ECONOMIC AND DEMOGRAPHIC INDICATORS Historical trends provide a positive outlook for the economic environment in the subject market area. A review of market area economic and demographic trends offers an indication of the relative health of the subject market area. Population The current population of the Lancaster County Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) is estimated to be approximately 488,700. This represents a 0. 6 percent compound annual increase since 2000, as compared to a growth rate of 0. 8 percent experienced in the United States during the same time period. The growing population base in the subject market area is a positive indicator for the subject development, as there is potential for additional room night and meeting demand generated from the resident population. The following table summarizes population figures for the Lancaster, PA MSA and the United States. Population Lancaster, PA MSA United States Lancaster, PA MSA Persons Households Persons per Persons (000) (000) Household (000) 2000 474. 2 172. 9 2. 7 283,876. 4 2005(1) 488. 7 180. 7 2. 7 295,140. 1 2010(2) 508. 2 188. 9 2. 7 311,573. 0 CAGR(3) 0. 6% 1. 8% 0. 8% Notes: (1) Estimated (2) Projected Notes: (3) Compound annual growth rate for years 2000-2005 Source: Sales Marketing Management, Survey of Buying Power Year United States Households Persons per (000) Household 106,206. 0 2. 7 110,420. 1 2. 7 116,568. 1 2. 7 0. 8% Effective Buying Income Effective buying income (EBI) is defined as personal income less personal taxes, nontax payments such as fines, fees, penalties and personal contributions to social insurance. Residents of the Lancaster, PA MSA are in general more affluent than the national average. The Lancaster, PA MSA median household effective buying income is estimated to be $41,374, approximately 5. 2 percent above the United States average of $39,324 in 2005. The following table summarizes income figures for the Lancaster MSA and the United States. IV-1 Section IV: Area Review Effective Buying Income Lancaster, PA MSA United States Lancaster, PA MSA United States Median Median Year Household Effective Household Effective Buying Income Buying Income 2000 $45,431 $39,129 2005 (1) $41,374 $39,324 CAGR(2) 3. 9% 3. 8% Notes: (1) Estimated (2) Compound annual growth rate for years 2000-2005 Source: Sales Marketing Management, Survey of Buying Power Retail Sales and Eating and Drinking Place Sales From 2000 through 2005, retail sales in the Lancaster, PA MSA grew at an annual rate of 2. 7 percent, primarily due to the plethora of outlet shopping facilities located in the area. The increase in retail sales is a positive indication that the economy in the MSA is growing. Increased spending on retail items indicates that disposable income levels are increasing and that individuals have more disposable income for leisure pursuits. In addition to retail sales, a review of eating and drinking sales offers an indication of the economic health of the selected market areas. Eating and drinking place sales are considered to be a good reflection of the amount of discretionary income available to the population within a market area, and consequently, a true indication of economic well-being. During the 2000 through 2005 period, eating and drinking place sales in the Lancaster, PA MSA increased at a compound annual growth rate of 4

Arab Culture essays

Arab Culture essays The Arab world straddles two continents, Asia and Africa, and its long coastline gives it access to critical waterways. The region offers a variety of climatic conditions from dry to seasonal rainfalls in Morocco, Tunisia and the mountains of Lebanon. Agriculture is a very important activity in the Arab world. The most import products are wheat, dates, rice, and olive oil, which are main ingredients in the Arab cuisine. Although there are differences between the Arab people from Morocco to the Persian Gulf, Arab people enjoy a common bond of history, culture and tradition. It was in the Arab world where people first developed the system of writing; scientific advances were also developed. Rich cultures like Ancient Egypt, Assyria and Babylonia began in this region. The Arab culture has had many influences but Islam has shaped the culture like no other. The message of Islam appeared for the first time in the Arabian Peninsula in the early seventh century, and soon the faith expanded across North Africa, the entire Middle East and extended to the borders of China. A new and dynamic civilization was founded. In fact, while most of Europe was in the dark ages, the Arab/Islamic civilization was at its most glorious moment, making significant contributions to science, arts and the humanities that are still very alive in the world. Today, most of the ancient cities, such as Marrakech and Baghdad with its great flavors and customs, still exist and modern cities have been developed beside them. Unfortunately, they carry with them the common problem! of modernization like overpopulation and pollution. The Middle East is an area of international concern for several reasons: strategic location, oil resources, and the recurring political instability. It is also the birthplace of three great religions: Christianity, Judaism, and Islam. The region is composed of fifteen nations and four major languages: Arabic, Hebrew, Turkish and...

Biography of Alvaro Obregón Salido, Mexican President

Biography of Alvaro Obregà ³n Salido, Mexican President Alvaro Obregà ³n Salido (February 19, 1880–July 17, 1928) was a Mexican farmer, general, president, and one of the key players in the Mexican Revolution. He rose to power because of his military brilliance and because he was the last of the Revolutions â€Å"Big Four† still alive after 1923: Pancho Villa, Emiliano Zapata, and Venustiano Carranza had all been assassinated. Many historians consider his election as president in 1920 to be the end point of the Revolution, although the violence continued afterward. Fast Facts: Alvaro Obregà ³n Salido Known For:  Farmer, general in the Mexican Revolution, president of MexicoAlso Known As:  Alvaro Obregà ³nBorn:  February 19, 1880 in Huatabampo, Sonora, MexicoParents: Francisco Obregà ³n and Cenobia SalidoDied:  July 17, 1928, just outside Mexico City, MexicoEducation: Elementary educationSpouse: Refugio Urrea, Marà ­a Claudia Tapia MonteverdeChildren: 6 Early Life Alvaro Obregà ³n was born in Huatabampo, Sonora, Mexico. His father Francisco Obregà ³n had lost much of the family wealth when he backed Emperor Maximilian over Benito Jurez during the  French Intervention in Mexico in the 1860s. Francisco died when Alvaro was an infant, so Alvaro was raised by his mother Cenobia Salido. The family had very little money but shared a supportive home life and most of Alvaros siblings became schoolteachers. Alvaro was a hard worker and had the reputation of being a local genius. Although he had to drop out of school, he taught himself many skills, including photography and carpentry. As a young man, he saved enough to buy a failing chickpea farm and turned it into a very profitable endeavor. Alvaro next invented a chickpea harvester, which he began to manufacture and sell to other farmers. Latecomer to the Revolution Unlike most of the other important figures of the Mexican Revolution, Obregà ³n did not oppose dictator Porfirio Dà ­az early on. Obregà ³n watched the early stages of the Revolution from the sidelines in Sonora and, once he had joined, Revolutionaries often accused him of being an opportunistic latecomer. By the time Obregà ³n became a Revolutionary, Dà ­az had been ousted, the Revolutions chief instigator Francisco I. Madero was president, and the Revolutionary warlords and factions were already beginning to turn on one another. The violence among the Revolutionary factions was to last more than 10 years, in what was to be a constant succession of temporary alliances and betrayals. Early Military Success Obregà ³n became involved in 1912, two years into the Revolution, on behalf of President Francisco I. Madero, who was fighting the army of Maderos former Revolutionary ally Pascual Orozco in the north. Obregà ³n recruited a force of some 300 soldiers and joined the command of General Agustà ­n Sangines. The general, impressed by the clever young Sonoran, quickly promoted him to colonel. Obregà ³n defeated a force of Orozquistas at the Battle of San Joaquà ­n under General Josà © Inà ©s Salazar. Shortly thereafter Orozco fled to the United States, leaving his forces in disarray. Obregà ³n returned to his chickpea farm. Obregà ³n Against Huerta When Madero was deposed and executed by Victoriano Huerta in February of 1913, Obregà ³n once again took up arms, this time against the new dictator and his federal forces. Obregà ³n offered his services to the government of the State of Sonora. Obregà ³n proved himself to be a very skilled general and his army captured towns from the federal forces all over Sonora. His ranks swelled with recruits and deserting federal soldiers and by the summer of 1913, Obregà ³n was the most important military figure in Sonora. Obregà ³n Joins With Carranza When Revolutionary leader Venustiano Carranzas battered army straggled into Sonora, Obregà ³n welcomed them. For this, First Chief Carranza made Obregà ³n supreme military commander of all Revolutionary forces in the northwest in September 1913. Obregà ³n didnt know what to make of Carranza, a long-bearded patriarch who had boldly appointed himself First Chief of the Revolution. Obregà ³n saw, however, that Carranza had skills and connections that he did not possess, and he decided to ally himself with â€Å"the bearded one.† This was a savvy move for both of them, as the Carranza-Obregà ³n alliance defeated first Huerta and then Pancho Villa and Emiliano Zapata before disintegrating in 1920. Obregà ³ns Skills and Ingenuity Obregà ³n was a skilled negotiator and diplomat. He was even able to recruit rebellious Yaqui Indians, assuring them that he would work to give them back their land. They became valuable troops for his army. He proved his military skill countless times, devastating Huertas forces wherever he found them. During the lull in the fighting in the winter of 1913–1914, Obregà ³n modernized his army, importing techniques from recent conflicts such as the Boer Wars. He was a pioneer in the use of trenches, barbed wire, and foxholes. In mid-1914, Obregà ³n purchased airplanes from the United States and used them to attack federal forces and gunboats. This was one of the first uses of airplanes for warfare and it was very effective, although somewhat impractical at the time. Victory Over Huertas Federal Army On June 23, Villas army annihilated Huertas federal army at the Battle of Zacatecas. Out of some 12,000 federal troops in Zacatecas that morning, only about 300 staggered into neighboring Aguascalientes over the next couple of days. Desperately wanting to beat competing Revolutionary Pancho Villa to Mexico City, Obregà ³n routed the federal troops at the Battle of Orendain and captured Guadalajara on July 8. Surrounded, Huerta resigned on July 15, and Obregà ³n beat Villa to the gates of Mexico City, which he took for Carranza on August 11. Obregà ³n Meets With Pancho Villa With Huerta gone, it was up to the victors to try and put Mexico back together. Obregà ³n visited Pancho Villa on two occasions in August and September 1914, but Villa caught the Sonoran scheming behind his back and held Obregà ³n for a few days, threatening to execute him. He eventually let Obregà ³n go, but the incident convinced Obregà ³n that Villa was a loose cannon who needed to be eliminated. Obregà ³n returned to Mexico City and renewed his alliance with Carranza. The Convention of Aguascalientes In October, the victorious authors of the Revolution against Huerta met at the Convention of Aguascalientes. There were 57 generals and 95  officers  in attendance. Villa, Carranza, and Emiliano Zapata sent representatives, but Obregà ³n came personally. The convention lasted about a month and was very chaotic. Carranzas representatives insisted on nothing less than absolute power for the bearded one and refused to budge. Zapatas people insisted that the convention accept the radical land reform of the Plan of Ayala. Villas delegation was comprised of men whose personal goals were often conflicting, and although they were willing to compromise for peace, they reported that Villa would never accept Carranza as president. Obregà ³n Wins and Carranza Loses Obregà ³n was the big winner at the convention. As the only one of the â€Å"big four† to show up, he had the chance to meet the officers of his rivals. Many of these officers were impressed by the clever, self-effacing Sonoran. These officers retained their positive image of him even when some of them fought him later. Some joined him immediately. The big loser was Carranza because the Convention eventually voted to remove him as First Chief of the Revolution. The convention elected Eulalio Gutià ©rrez as president, who told Carranza to resign. Carranza refused and Gutià ©rrez declared him a rebel. Gutià ©rrez placed Pancho Villa in charge of defeating him, a duty Villa was eager to perform. Obregà ³n had gone to the Convention truly hoping for a compromise acceptable to everyone and an end to the bloodshed. He was now forced to choose between Carranza and Villa. He chose  Carranza and took many of the convention delegates with him. Obregà ³n Against Villa Carranza shrewdly sent Obregà ³n after Villa. Obregà ³n was his best general and the only one capable of beating the powerful Villa. Moreover, Carranza cunningly knew that there was a possibility that Obregà ³n himself could fall in the battle, which would remove one of Carranzas more formidable rivals for power. In early 1915, Villas forces, divided up under different generals, dominated the north. In April, Obregà ³n, now commanding the best of the federal forces, moved to meet Villa, digging in outside the town of Celaya. The Battle of Celaya Villa took the bait and attacked Obregà ³n, who had dug trenches and placed machine guns. Villa responded with one of the old-fashioned cavalry charges which had won him so many battles early in the Revolution. Obregà ³ns modern machine guns, entrenched  soldiers,  and barbed wire halted Villas horsemen. The battle raged for two days before Villa was driven back. He attacked again a week later, and the results were even more devastating. In the end, Obregà ³n completely routed Villa at the Battle of Celaya. The Battles of Trinidad and Agua Prieta Giving chase, Obregà ³n caught up to Villa once again at Trinidad. The Battle of Trinidad lasted 38 days and claimed thousands of lives on both sides. One additional casualty was Obregà ³ns right arm, which was severed above the elbow by an artillery shell. Surgeons barely managed to save his life. Trinidad was another major victory for Obregà ³n. Villa, his army in tatters, retreated to Sonora, where forces loyal to Carranza defeated him at the battle of Agua Prieta. By the end of 1915, Villas once-proud Division of the North was in ruins. The soldiers  had scattered, the generals had retired or defected, and Villa himself had gone back into the mountains with only a few hundred men. Obregà ³n and Carranza With the threat of Villa all but gone, Obregà ³n assumed the post of minister of war in Carranzas cabinet. While he was outwardly loyal to Carranza, Obregà ³n was still very ambitious. As minister of war, he attempted to modernize the army and took part in defeating the same rebellious Yaqui Indians who had supported him earlier in the Revolution. In early 1917, the new constitution was ratified and Carranza was elected president. Obregà ³n retired once again to his  chickpea  ranch  but kept a close eye on events in Mexico City. He stayed out of Carranzas way, but with the understanding that Obregà ³n would be the next president of Mexico. Prosperity and a Return to Politics With the clever, hard-working Obregà ³n back in charge, his ranch and businesses flourished. Obregà ³n branched out into mining and an import-export business. He employed more than 1,500 workers and was well-liked and respected in Sonora and elsewhere. In June 1919, Obregà ³n announced that he would run for president in the 1920 elections. Carranza, who did not personally like nor trust Obregà ³n, immediately began working against him. Carranza claimed that he thought Mexico should have a civilian president, not a military one. He had in fact already picked his own successor, Ignacio Bonillas. Obregà ³n Against Carranza Carranza had made a huge mistake by reneging on his informal deal with Obregà ³n, who had kept his side of the bargain and stayed out of Carranzas way from 1917–1919. Obregà ³ns candidacy immediately drew support from important sectors of society. The military loved Obregà ³n, as did the middle class (whom he represented) and the poor (who had been betrayed by Carranza). He was also popular with intellectuals like Josà © Vasconcelos, who saw him as the one man with the clout and charisma to bring peace to Mexico. Carranza then made a second tactical error. He decided to fight the swelling tide of pro-Obregà ³n sentiment and stripped Obregà ³n of his military rank. The majority of people in Mexico saw this act as petty, ungrateful, and purely political. The situation got increasingly tense and reminded some observers of the pre-Revolution Mexico of 1910. An old,  stolid  politician was refusing to allow a fair election, challenged by a younger man with new ideas. Carranza decided that he could never beat Obregà ³n in an election and he ordered the army to attack. Obregà ³n quickly raised an army in Sonora even as other generals around the nation defected to his cause. The Revolution Ends Carranza, desperate to get to Veracruz where he could rally his support, departed Mexico City in a train loaded with gold, advisors, and sycophants. Quickly, forces loyal to Obregà ³n attacked the train, forcing the party to flee overland. Carranza and a handful of survivors of the so-called â€Å"Golden Train† accepted sanctuary in May 1920 at the town of Tlaxcalantongo from local warlord Rodolfo Herrera. Herrera betrayed Carranza, shooting and killing him and his closest advisers as they slept in a tent. Herrera, who had switched alliances to Obregà ³n, was put on trial but acquitted. With Carranza gone, Adolfo de la Huerta became provisional  president  and brokered a peace deal with the resurgent Villa. When the deal was formalized (over Obregà ³ns objections) the Mexican Revolution was officially over. Obregà ³n was easily elected president in September 1920. First Presidency Obregà ³n proved to be an able president. He continued making peace with those who had fought against him in the  Revolution  and instituted land and education reforms. He also cultivated ties with the United States and did much to restore Mexicos shattered economy, including rebuilding the oil industry. Obregà ³n still feared Villa, however, who was newly retired in the north. Villa was the one man who could still raise an army large enough to defeat Obregà ³ns federales. Obregà ³n  had him assassinated  in 1923. More Conflict The peace of the first part of Obregà ³ns presidency was shattered in 1923, however, when Adolfo de la Huerta decided to run for president in 1924. Obregà ³n favored Plutarco Elà ­as Calles. The two factions went to war, and Obregà ³n and Calles destroyed de la Huertas faction. They were beaten militarily and many officers and leaders were executed, including several important former friends and allies of Obregà ³n. De la Huerta was forced into exile. All opposition crushed, Calles easily won the presidency. Obregà ³n once more retired to his ranch. Second Presidency In 1927, Obregà ³n decided he wanted to be president once again. Congress cleared the way for him to do so legally and he began to campaign. Although the military still supported him, he had lost the support of the common man as well as the intellectuals, who saw him as a ruthless monster. The Catholic Church also opposed him, since Obregà ³n was violently anti-clerical. Obregà ³n would not be denied, however. His two opponents were General Arnulfo Gà ³mez and an old personal friend and brother-in-arms, Francisco Serrano. When they plotted to have him arrested, he ordered their capture and sent them both to the firing squad. The nations leaders were thoroughly intimidated by Obregà ³n; many  thought he  had gone mad. Death In July 1928, Obregà ³n was declared president for a four-year term. But his second presidency was to be very short indeed. On July 17, 1928, a Catholic fanatic named Josà © de Leà ³n Toral assassinated Obregà ³n just outside of Mexico City. Toral was executed a few days later. Legacy Obregà ³n may have arrived late to the Mexican Revolution, but by its end he had made his way to the top, becoming the most powerful man in Mexico. As a Revolutionary warlord, historians deem him to be neither the cruelest nor the most humane. He was, most agree, clearly the most clever and effective. Obregà ³n created lasting impacts on Mexican history with the important decisions he made while in the field. Had he sided with Villa instead of Carranza after the Convention of Aguascalientes, todays Mexico could well be quite different. Obregà ³ns presidency was remarkably split. He at first used the time to bring some much-needed peace and reform to Mexico. Then he himself shattered the same peace he had created with his tyrannical obsession to get his own successor elected and, finally, to return to power personally. His governing ability did not match his military skills. Mexico would not get the clear-headed leadership that it desperately needed until 10 years later, with the administration of President  Lzaro Crdenas. In Mexican lore, Obregà ³n is not beloved like Villa, idolized like Zapata, or despised like Huerta. Today, most Mexicans understand Obregà ³n as the man who came out on top after the Revolution simply because he outlasted the others. This assessment overlooks how much skill, cunning, and brutality he used to assure that he survived. The rise to power of this brilliant and charismatic general can be attributed to both his ruthlessness and his unmatched effectiveness. Sources Buchenau, Jà ¼rgen. The Last Caudillo: Alvaro Obregà ³n and the Mexican Revolution. Wiley-Blackwell, 2011.McLynn,  Frank. Villa and Zapata: A History of the Mexican Revolution.  Carroll and Graf, 2000.

ISO Standards and Excellence - (work sheet ) CLO 5 Assignment

ISO Standards and Excellence - (work sheet ) CLO 5 - Assignment Example ls processes that will ensure the product or service is to the level which the customers appreciate or in another view making the quality of the product be of the quality equal to or better than what the competitors are offering. As such the constant monitoring and developing of the product constitutes improvement of a product or a service. Maintenance is the process of returning to its normal performance when a process’s performance deteriorates and is then restored to its historic performance level, no improvement has occurred in the process’s capability. Improvement takes the process to a new, higher level of performance, or renders the process more reliable, more consistent, or less likely to permit operator induced errors while maintenance is the process of returning to its normal performance when a process’s performance deteriorates and is then restored to its historic performance level, no improvement has occurred in the process’s capability. In an effort to sustain continual improvement the ISO9000 has some requirements in place to oversee this. They include: ensuring the availability of resources, getting the quality policy, getting in touch with the organization especially regarding the importance of being able to fulfill the needs of the customer as well as other needs such as the regulatory and statutory needs, conducting reviews of management and ensuring the quality objectives are established. The world class is where the world class organizations believe that good enough is never good enough while best practice they constantly seek to raise the performance and quality bars for their organizations and products or services. Management and organizational commitment is best for an organization because the leadership, commitment and the active involvement of the top management are essential for developing and maintaining an effective and efficient system of management that may be considered as quality. Management responsibility is contained

Individual case Study analysis Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Individual analysis - Case Study Example However, within the combination of various factors that influence development, the government of Ireland embraces peace and socio-cultural integration so that the country is able to recognize business partners as part of their economic development stakeholders hence handling business partners with the diligent they require. Cut in government spending is also a factor which boosted performance of the economy of Ireland. Tax reduction was meant to reduce cost of investment and attract foreign investors in the country. That is why Microsoft was attracted to invest in information technology business in Ireland which generated a lot to economic activities and contributed positively towards the gross domestic product. Economic systems With control over the inflation, the country is able to gain from Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) increasing the number of business transaction between traders and intergovernmental organization to the benefit of the country. However, with peaceful transition in government, the economic state of the country has withstood the tough global economic challenges that face many countries in the global market resulting into heavy losses in business and trade as a whole (Gordon Bigelow, 2003, p. 45). The overall ability of a country to attract foreign investment also depends on membership of an economic trading block. In case of Ireland membership of European economic commission not only provided market to the country but also enabled it to diversify its export products. Initially Ireland depended on the markets of the united kingdom alone which relied mostly on agricultural products only. Through membership of the economic block Ireland was able to open up to competition for its products as well (Philip, 2000, p. 17). In accordance with the PESTEL system, it is important to highlight the role played by the legal issues to ensure that all trade processes are carried out in accordance with the Irish business laws so as to reduce suspicion on unw arranted business deals that are likely to jeopardize the economic state of the country. With the aid of available technology, Ireland was able to engage other countries into trade agreement within the global business laws so as to restrict illegal business while increasing legalized trade between countries and Ireland (Thomas A. Boylan, 2003, p. 64). Further, due to the attractiveness of the country integrated with PESTEL, Ireland was able to provide control, and benefit for foreign companies which overcame the cost and risks they uncured leading to high foreign direct investment. The tremendous economic growth is as a result of government commitment in the pledge to sustain and trusted regulations that would stabilize the political and socio-economic development to eradicate global recession for instance the 2008 recession that was felt by all the global financial controllers (Philip, 2000, p. 104). Many countries prefers trade with Ireland from the 2008 experience where Ireland s tood out as the only country that was not shaken by the 2008 economic recession, this greatly influenced the country’s GDP (Gross Domestic Product), this would lead to long term economic performance in the country (Philip, 2000, p. 89). In the initial stage, the independence

How to Use 2g and 3g Gprs Mobile Internet on Your Computer Essay Example for Free

How to Use 2g and 3g Gprs Mobile Internet on Your Computer Essay Imagine a situation where you have to send an important email to your friend or boss and your internet doesn’t work. Imagine the helplessness, the frustration, the anger. I am pretty sure you didn’t imagine it but recalled a moment when something of the sort actually happened to you. Internet connectivity, although becoming better with each passing day is still a luxury in many parts of the world, especially in rural areas. But the advent of smartphones is changing that. Nowadays, you can connect to the internet very easily using your mobile phone. I hope I am not the only one to feel this but using the internet on the mobile is just not as fun or convenient as using it on a computer. So today, I will teach you how to connect to the internet on your computer using the GPRS internet pack you have on your mobile phone. The recipe is simple. Here’s the ingredients: 1. A datacable OR a bluetooth enabled mobile phone(your computer should be bluetooth enabled too in this case). 2. The necessary drivers to use your mobile as a modem. Make sure the internet on your mobile phone is working before actually going through the next steps. Installing the drivers First lets install the drivers necessary to use your phone as a modem. To check if they are already installed, go to Control Panel-Phone and Modem-Modems If you can see the modem for your mobile phone, then you can skip the next few paragraphs. If not, then install the PC suite for your mobile phone on your computer and connect your phone to it and the drivers will be installed automatically. If you don’t have the PC suite, either download it from another PC with an internet connection or if you are a geek, you can download the specific drivers for only the modem from the internet. Go back to Control Panel-Phone and Modem-Modems to double check if the modem is installed. CONFIGURING YOUR PHONE’S MODEM I will first explain the connection procedure using a data cable. * Go to Control Panel-Phone and Modem-Dialing Rules. Click on New and select â€Å"India† as the country and write the ZIP code of the place where you are going to use the internet. Leave the other fields as they are and press OK. Now click on the Modems tab again. Select the modem you are going to use and click properties. Choose the â€Å"Advanced† tab in the dialog box that follows in the space for â€Å"Extra Initialization Commands† type the following codes depending on your cable operator: AIRTEL AT+CGDCONT=1,†IP†,†airtelgprs.com† AIRCEL AT+CGDCONT=1,†IP†,†aircelgprs.com† IDEA AT+CGDCONT=1,†IP†,†ideagprs.com† TATA DOCOMO AT+CGDCONT=1,†IP†,†TATA.DOCOMO.INTERNET† VODAFONE AT+CGDCONT=1,â€Å"IP†, â€Å"www† Don’t get freaked out if the only two options in the drop down list below are Japan and Afghanistan(I did), you can leave it as it is and press OK. Please doublecheck the part after â€Å"IP† from your mobile internet’s settings before you continue. It is called APN(Access Point Name) and it allows you to access the internet from your mobile phone e.g. The APN for Airtel is â€Å"airtelgprs.com†. They may differ in your state from the ones I have shown here. CONNECTING TO THE INTERNET Now go to Control Panel-Network and Sharing Center and click â€Å"Set up a new connection or network†. In the menu that follows, choose Set-up a dial-up connection. Enter the phone number as â€Å"*99#† without the quotes. Leave everything else empty. You can change the name of the connection to whatever you want. You’re done! Now go to the network icon and double click on the connection you just created. Enjoy the internet. If an error #734 occurs, it means that either the internet on your mobile is not working right now or that you have entered the wrong APN. Check your APN and reconfigure the settings. Your internet should work fine. Also, don’t forget to mark â€Å"No Proxy† in your browser’s connection settings. Now lets move on to connection using bluetooth. Activate bluetooth on both your mobile phone and your computer. Pairing your mobile phone with your computer If your mobile is already paired, move on to the next section. If not, Go to Control Panel-Devices and Printers-Bluetooth Devices and click on â€Å"Add a device†. Let the setup find your bluetooth device and click on it to pair with it. Check your mobile phone and match the passkeys. Now, all the processes are the same as the data cable with a few differences. To set up the modem you can right click on the icon for your phone in the Bluetooth Devices folder and click on â€Å"modem† or you can go to â€Å"Phone and Modem† as before and select â€Å"Standard Modem Over Bluetooth Link† and do everything exactly the same way as I explained before. Now, we need to set up a dial-up connection. Go back to â€Å"Bluetooth Devices† and double-click on the icon for your phone. Click the â€Å"Connect† button which is next to â€Å"Use your phone to connect to the internet†. If it doesn’t work the first time, select the option to enter the details manually. Now enter the phone number as *99# and enjoy. The version of windows while writing this tutorial is Windows 7 Premium. The process is similar for other versions. I’ll be write another one for connecting your mobile internet to a computer with a linux-based operating system later. If you had any problems, please comment below and I will reply with a solution.

Sigmund Freud Essay -- Sigmund Freud

Sigmund Freud (1856-1939)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Sigmund Freud was born on May 6, 1856 in Freiberg (now Pribor, Czech Republic). Freud was educated at Vienna University. Then him and his family moved to Leipzig from the anti-Semitic riots. His ambition in his childhood had been a career in law but then he decided to be medical student before he entered to Vienna University in 1873. After this he desire to study natural science and to solve challenging problems that confronted contemporary scientist. In his three year at Vienna University Freud began his research in central nervous system in the physiological lab under the direction of German Physician Ernst Wilhelm Von Brucke. In 1881 after completing a year compulsory military service he receive his medical degree. After he received his degree he remained at the university as a demonstrator in the physiological laboratory. Freud spent three years at the General Hospital of Vienna devoting himself to psychiatry, dermatology, and nervous disease. In 1885 after appointed as lecturer in neuropathology at the university he decided to leave his post in the hospital. Later that same year Freud studies under Jean Charcot in which centered largely on hysteria, influenced Freud greatly in channeling his interest to psychopathology. Freud than established a private practice in Vienna specializing in nervous disease.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In 1891, Freud’s first published work, On Aphasia, it was the study of neurological disorder in which the ability to pronounce words or to name common objects is lost as a result of organic brain disease. His final work in neurology was an article, â€Å"Infantile Cerebral Paralysis†, was written in 1897 for an encyclopedia. His consecutive writing were devoted entirely to that field, which he had named psychoanalysis in 1896. Sigmund Freud developed the technique of psychoanalysis and much of the psychoanalytic theory based on its application. The first of Freud's innovations was his recognition of unconscious psychiatric processes that follow laws different from those that govern conscious experience. A basic assumption of Freudian theory is that the unconscious conflicts involve instinctual impulses, or drives, that originate in childhood. His work concerning the structure and the functioning of the human mind had far-reaching significance, both practically and scientifically, and it continues to influence... ...ally alone in what he termed â€Å"splendid isolation.† After the onset of World War I Freud devoted little time to clinical observation and concentrated on the application of his theories to the interpretation of religion, mythology, art, and literature. In 1923 he was stricken with cancer of the jaw, which necessitated constant, painful treatment in addition to many surgical operations. Despite his physical suffering he continued his literary activity for the next 16 years, writing mostly on cultural and philosophical problems. When the Germans occupied Austria in 1938, Freud, a Jew, was persuaded by friends to escape with his family to England. Then he died in London on September 23, 1939. Sigmund Freud created an entirely new approach to the understanding of human personality by his demonstration of the existence and force of the unconscious. In addition, he founded a new medical discipline and formulated basic therapeutic procedures that in modified form are applied widely in the present-day treatment of neuroses and psychoses. Although never accorded full recognition during his lifetime, Freud is generally acknowledged as one of the great creative minds of modern times.

High School Essay Essay

I spent the first two year of high school at Westland High in Columbus Ohio. Those years were somewhat average and most of the time I felt board, even though I was on the track team. One of the more unusual things that occurred was that a classmate, who I had talked with many times and who sat by me in a few classes murdered his parents! I spent the rest if high school at Grove City High School, after moving there in my junior year. My senior year was a little less exciting (which I didn’t mind). The co-op program that I was involved with allowed me to work outside of my high school for credit. During my freshman year I was approached by a track coach. His name was Mr. Lamb. I couldn’t help but remember his name by the way a lamb sounded. Mr. Lamb had noticed while I was running for exercise that I took long strides and moved pretty fast, so he asked me if I would like to join the track team. I had never been involved in sports or asked to join a team in my life, so I jumped at the opportunity. One thing my coach liked about me was that I didn’t require a lot of practice running. I could, as the Nike commercial says, â€Å"Just do it† and I did. I won numerous first place awards place and was even interviewed by the local newspaper for having the most wins with the least amount of running time. During my sophomore year things certainly got a lot more exciting. A classmate that I had contact with and had sat next to me in class also lived a block away from my house decided to sneak up behind his mother and shoot her in the back of the head while she stood in the kitchen. Then he dragged his mother’s body to the garage and hid to wait for his dad to come home and then he put a bullet right through his father’s eye! I remember watching TV after school when the program was interrupted by a news bulletin. The newscaster had said a 17 year old student from Columbus, Ohio had murdered his parents. I was horrified to hear the name of my classmate Brad Porter when they gave details about the suspect. Returning to school the next day was a bit eerie, because there sat Brad’s empty desk right next to mine. I was shocked and scared. I remember being afraid to walk around my block and seeing Brad hiding in his garage. Things were quieter my junior year, but I did have some big adjustments to make. Because of a family situation, I was forced to move to Grove City, Ohio and live with my mother. When I transitioned to Grove City High, I had to say goodbye to all my friends, classmates and teachers and start all over again socially. This was difficult for me because I quickly get comfortable in a situation and almost think it’s never going to change. Then, when change does occur, I have to reshape my thinking to fit the new change. The move to Grove Citywas awkward at first; The students were generally better off, so more of them had cars. It seemed like everyone drove or owned a car but this didn’t bother me much – I thought to myself â€Å"Heck, I use to be on the track team! What do I need a silly car for? † The rich kids looked down on everyone that happened to be out of style with them. The school itself was bigger too, about twice the size of Westland. It had two levels but no elevators, just steps that I had to climb every morning to get to all of my classes. Finally I made it to my senior year and things were looking bright this last year of high school. Grove City offered a co-op program that allowed students to work outside of the high school and still earn credits toward graduation. I was the first to sign up. The next day I had my schedule to report to McDonalds and to work five hours every day then was done by 2pm, then that I had all the time in the world to do nothing which is the favorite thing for any teenager suffering from â€Å"senioritis†. The softer schedule and time away from school was a welcome relief from the rigorous track schedule my freshman year, and a way to start forgetting the horrible drama from the next. All in all High School hadn’t been so bad. I had done well in my freshman year on the track team. My sophomore year had some drama. My junior year brought a move and my Senior year brought relief. Almost everyone has fond memories of high school, and even though my time was probably more traumatic than most, I’m no exception. The experiences from those four years exposed me to â€Å"real life† in a very harsh way, but the coping skills I developed and the growing up that I did prepared me well to face what lie ahead, I wouldn’t change a thing.

Naval Officer Essay

It was said by John F. Kennedy that â€Å"Leadership and learning are indispensable to each other. † Indispensable factors are those known to be undeniably necessary, essential, or obligatory to one another. This unique relationship between leadership and learning is particularly relevant to my motivation. The ambition I have to become a Naval Officer stems from my drive to lead; but I dare not lead without continuing to pursue my hunger to learn. I desire to guide, to have responsibility, and more importantly, to be an example. Bringing out the best in those I am directing and becoming someone that people can truly look up to; that is my primary intention. The military has gradually been becoming a tradition in my family. Honor, Courage, and Commitment are all aspects of a leader with which I grew up and that are now, my core being. I’m destined to become apart of these extraordinary people. The ones who can be distinguished by the pride with which they hold themselves and the confidence with which they speak. The ones who fly jets, command battleships, and dive submarines; most people can only imagine such careers. They are willing not only to sacrifice their life for their country, but also to lead men and women who are willing to do the same. They have to make quick decisions that test who they are and will vastly impact the lives of those under their command. This is the type of person I want to be. But like John Dana had stated, â€Å"Who dares to lead must never cease to learn. It is unquestionably impossible to lead successfully without having learned to do so first. My modo is to learn the rules of the game and then to play better than anyone else. I love pushing myself mentally to be the very best I can be. If not in school, in the world; figuring out solutions to different problems and learning from the experiences and people in my life. I am an extremely resourceful person taking every opportunity I get to expand intellectually. It was embedded in me that knowledge is progress; it sparks action. And with action we can convert adversity into prosperity. I am determined to put my knowledge to use for the advancement of our country. I understand that becoming a Naval Officer is going to be far from easy; so I am prepared to go through severe physical and mental training before I receive my commissions. I‘ve always been motivated by challenge. I look forward to the navy pushing me to be an asset to success; doing things that I never thought possible.

gangs and how it affect family essays

gangs and how it affect family essays The theme of the family studies media journal is gangs and how school, neighborhood and family affects the number of people who join. The articles are chosen to show how gangs can affect the way society looks at gangs, the way neighborhood, school and family can affect a person to join a gang, and how schools, neighborhoods and family can be affected by a person who becomes a member of a gang. Summary of theme (main issues, arguments, etc.) The main issue of my theme is that not only do school, neighborhood and family, but other aspects affect gangs as well. Many people would agree that neighborhood, family and school are not the only issues that affect an individual to take a road that leads them to a dead end. The way the person feels during that period is one of the other issues that affect a person whose judgment is to be considered. A person who is happy would probably not join a gang, but a person who is depressed might. The more depressed the person is, the more vulnerable they are to these circumstances. Discussion of the Viewpoints of the Reporters or the Article You Are Using The viewpoint of the reporters and/or the articles used is to agree to what is happening to the Canadian government. The Liberals are re-examining and changing the anti-gang legislature and making sure that it would not be easily be used against what it suppose to be for. Other legislature changes like Canadas child support, custody laws, reform of the Human Rights Act, privacy laws and the access to information who were long-waiting to be examined had to be postponed because the anti-gang legislature is very important to the Canadian society for it literary shapes how the society should look now and in the future. Your Personal Reaction to the Theme, Clearly Relating the Issue to Yourself Every issue has two sides to the problem, either to agree or to disagree. Due to the ideas mention ...

Court Transcript of BTKs Confession

Court Transcript of BTKs Confession On February 26, 2005, the  Wichita Police announced that investigators had made an arrest in the BTK serial killer case after taking into custody an employee of nearby Park City, Kansas in a routine traffic stop – bringing to an end an era of terror for the Wichita community which lasted more than 30 years. Dennis Rader,  a city employee, a cub scout leader, and an active member of his church, confessed that he was the BTK serial killer. Here is the transcript of his confession. The Defendant: On January 15th, 1974, I maliciously, intentionally and premeditation killed Joseph Otero. Count Two – The Court: All right. Mr. Rader, I need to find out more information. On that particular day, the 15th day of January, 1974, can you tell me where you went to kill Mr. Joseph Otero? The Defendant: Mmm, I think it’s 1834 Edgemoor. The Court: All right. Can you tell me approximately what time of day you went there? The Defendant: Somewhere between 7:00 and 7:30. The Court: This particular location, did you know these people? The Defendant: No. That’s –(Off-the-record discussion between the defendant and Ms. McKinnon.) No, that was part of my – I guess my what you call fantasy. These people were selected. The Court: All right. So you – (Off-the-record discussion between the defendant and Ms. McKinnon.) The Court: – you were engaged in some kind of fantasy during this period of time? The Defendant: Yes, sir. The Court: All right. Now, where you use the term â€Å"fantasy,† is this something you were doing for your personal pleasure? The Defendant: Sexual fantasy, sir. The Court: I see. So you went to this residence, and what occurred then? The Defendant: Well, I had – did some thinking on what I was going to do to either Mrs.  Otero or Josephine, and basically broke into the house –or didn’t break into the house, but when they came out of the house I came in and confronted the family, and then we went from there. The Court: All right. Had you planned this beforehand? The Defendant: To some degree, yes. After I got in the house it – lost control of it, but it – it was – you know, in back of my mind I had some ideas what I was going to do. The Court: Did you – The Defendant: But I just – I basically panicked that first day, so – The Court: Beforehand did you know who was there in the house? The Defendant: I thought Mrs. Otero and the two kids – the two younger kids were in the house. I didn’t realize Mr. Otero was gonna be there. The Court: All right. How did you get into the house, Mr. Rader? The Defendant: I came through the back door, cut the phone lines, waited at the back door, had reservations about even going or just walking away, but pretty soon the door opened, and I was in. The Court: All right. So the door opened. Was it opened for you, or did someone – The Defendant: I think one of the kids – I think the Ju – Junior – or not Junior – yes, the – the young girl – Joseph opened the door. He probably let the dog out ‘cause the dog was in the house at the time. The Court: All right. When you went into the house what happened then? The Defendant: Well, I confronted the family, pulled the pistol, confronted Mr. Otero and asked him to – you know, that I was there to – basically I was wanted, wanted to get the car. I was hungry, food, I was wanted, and asked him to lie down in the living room. And at that time I realized that wouldn’t be a really good idea, so I finally – The dog was the real problem, so I – I asked Mr. Otero if he could get the dog out. So he had one of the kids put it out, and then I took them back to the bedroom. The Court: You took who back to the bedroom? The Defendant: The family, the bedroom – the four members. The Court: All right. What happened then? The Defendant: At that time I tied ‘em up. The Court: While still holding them at gunpoint? The Defendant: Well, in between tying, I guess, you know. The Court: All right. After you tied them up what occurred?